What is Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) contribute to more than 9,000 deaths in the United States each year, with many going undiagnosed until a life-threatening emergency occurs. This condition is often called a “silent threat” because it typically develops without noticeable symptoms—yet when it ruptures, the consequences can be fatal.

At Surgical Specialists of Ocala, we’re committed to raising awareness of vascular conditions like AAA so patients can take early action and avoid preventable complications. Here’s what you need to know about this serious condition, including its detection and treatment.

What is an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a bulge or ballooning in the wall of the abdominal aorta, the main blood vessel that carries blood from the heart through the chest and down to the abdomen and legs. If an AAA grows too large or ruptures, it can cause severe internal bleeding, a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate surgery.

What Causes an AAA?

The exact cause of an abdominal aortic aneurysm isn’t always clear, but several risk factors are known to increase the likelihood of developing one:

• Smoking – This is the single most significant risk factor. Smokers are up to five times more likely to develop an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).
  
• Age – Most cases occur in people over the age of 65.
  
• Sex – Men are more likely to develop AAA than women.
  
• Family history – A close relative with an aneurysm increases your risk.
  
• High blood pressure – Elevated pressure on artery walls can contribute to weakening.
  
• Atherosclerosis – Hardening of the arteries due to plaque buildup is a common contributor.
  

Are There Symptoms?

In many cases, abdominal aortic aneurysms cause no symptoms until they become large or rupture. Common symptoms of a ruptured AAA include:

• A pulsating feeling near the navel
  
• Deep, constant abdominal or back pain
  
• A sudden onset of severe pain (a potential sign of rupture), often described as a tearing or ripping sensation in the abdomen or back.
  

Because symptoms can be vague or absent entirely, routine screening is crucial, especially for individuals over 65 who have risk factors.

How is AAA Diagnosed?

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is often found during a routine physical exam or imaging test for another condition. Diagnostic tools include:

• Ultrasound – A noninvasive test that provides a clear view of the aorta’s size and shape.
  
• CT scan – Offers a detailed image and is often used for surgical planning.
  
• MRI – Used in some cases for additional imaging detail.
  

If you’re concerned about symptoms or risk factors, you may want to request a vascular screening. 

Treatment Options for AAA

The treatment approach depends on the size and rate of growth of the aneurysm:

• Monitoring – Small aneurysms may only require regular imaging and lifestyle modifications to reduce the risk of growth.
  
• Medication – To control blood pressure and cholesterol.
  
• Surgery – Large or fast-growing aneurysms may require repair via:
  
  • Open abdominal surgery
    
  • Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a minimally invasive procedure.
    

The Surgical Specialists of Ocala team will determine the most appropriate action based on your health and risk level.

Can AAA Be Prevented?

While not all aneurysms can be prevented, you can reduce your risk by:

• Quitting smoking
  
• Controlling blood pressure
  
• Eating a heart-healthy diet
  
• Getting regular exercise
  
• Managing cholesterol
  
• Undergoing vascular screenings if you’re at risk
  

Take Action for Your Vascular Health

Inform your family about the risk factors and symptoms of AAA, and encourage them to support you in your efforts to prevent and manage this condition. An abdominal aortic aneurysm can go undetected for years, but early detection can save lives. If you’re over 65, have a history of smoking, or are concerned about your vascular health, don’t wait.

Request an Appointment with Surgical Specialists of Ocala to see if screening or treatment is proper for you. Our vascular team is here to provide answers, support, and care every step of the way.